Studying and Living Abroad
Learn 20 B1 English words for living abroad - homesick, adapt to, get used to, fit in, fluent, red tape - plus the get used to + -ing rule.
The grammar point in this lesson is worth more than the vocabulary, and that is unusual. I used to walk and I am used to walking look almost identical and mean completely different things – one is a past habit you have stopped, the other is something that no longer feels strange. Learners confuse them constantly, and it is a fast way to lose marks in both writing papers. Twenty words for going somewhere else, that rule explained properly, and the year I could not read a menu.
20 words to learn
The 20 words
/əˈbrɔːd/
In or to another country. Never to abroad.
She spent a year abroad at twenty-one.
/ˈviːzə/
Official permission to enter or stay in a country.
My visa took eleven weeks.
/ˈrezɪdəns pɜːmɪt/
A document allowing you to live in a country long-term.
You register for a residence permit on arrival.
/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/
Somewhere to live. Uncountable in British English.
The accommodation was included in the fees.
/ˌhɔːlz əv ˈrezɪdəns/
University buildings where students live. Often just halls.
I moved into halls of residence in October.
/ˈhəʊst fæməli/
A local family a foreign student lives with.
My host family fed me far too much.
/ˈkæmpəs/
The land and buildings of a university.
Everything happened on campus.
/ˈhəʊmsɪk/
Sad because you are away from home.
I was homesick for about six weeks.
/əˈdæpt tə/
To change your behaviour to suit a new situation.
You adapt to the food faster than the silence.
/ɡet ˈjuːst tə/
To become familiar with something. Followed by -ing.
I never got used to taking my shoes off indoors.
/fɪt ˈɪn/
To feel accepted as part of a group.
It takes longer to fit in than to arrive.
/stænd ˈaʊt/
To be very noticeable and different from others.
I stood out in every photograph.
/kiːp ɪn ˈtʌtʃ/
To stay in contact with somebody over time.
We said we would keep in touch and mostly did.
/ˈfluːənt/
Able to speak a language easily and well.
Fluent is not the same as perfect.
/ˈæksənt/
The way somebody pronounces a language.
I will never lose the accent and I no longer mind.
/ˌneɪtɪv ˈspiːkə(r)/
Somebody who learned a language as their first language.
Being a native speaker is not a qualification.
/ˌmʌðə ˈtʌŋ/
Your first language. Also: first language.
He dreams in his mother tongue and works in English.
/ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/
Able to speak two languages very well.
Their children are completely bilingual.
/ˈbrɔːdn jɔː həˈraɪznz/
To increase your experience and understanding of the world.
Travel does broaden your horizons, irritatingly.
/ˌred ˈteɪp/
Official rules and paperwork that slow everything down.
The red tape was the hardest part by a distance.
Now read the story
Story · all 20 words
The Year I Was Illiterate
I went abroad for the third year of my degree, to a university in a city about ninety minutes from Nagoya, and the sentence I have used ever since to describe the first month is that I was, for the first time since I was five, illiterate.
Not unable to speak – I expected that, I had two years of classes behind me and I could manage a shop. Unable to read. I stood in front of a laminated menu on the second evening and could not extract one single piece of information from it, and I ordered by pointing at a photograph, and I went back to my room and did not tell anybody.
The red tape came first and nearly finished me before the language did. The visa had taken eleven weeks at home. Then within four days of landing I had to register for a residence permit, open a bank account that required the residence permit, and get a phone that required the bank account, in that order, with no way round it, in offices that closed at four.
I spent my first term with a host family – a couple in their sixties and a son at university in Osaka whose room I had. They were extraordinarily kind and I was extraordinarily hard work, and I have thought many times since about what it costs a family to take in a twenty-year-old who cannot form a sentence.
I was properly homesick in November. Not romantically. It arrived as a physical thing, mostly in the evenings, and it lasted about six weeks and then simply stopped one Tuesday for no reason I could identify.
In January I moved onto campus, into halls of residence, and the accommodation was one room with a sink and a view of a car park, and I was happier there than I had been in a house four times the size, because I could be incompetent in private.
The thing I could not get used to was being looked at. I am six foot two and very obviously not from there, and in that city in that year I did stand out in a way I had never experienced anywhere. Nobody was unkind about it. Small children pointed at me in supermarkets with total innocence and their mothers apologised and I said it was fine, and it was fine, and it was also exhausting in a way I could not explain to anybody at home without sounding ridiculous.
That is the part nobody warns you about: how tiring it is to be visible all day.
I did adapt to it. By March I had stopped noticing, which is a strange thing to be able to say about yourself.
I did not fit in, and I have come to think that was the correct outcome. I was there for nine months. The students who tried hardest to disappear into the culture had, as far as I could see, a worse time than those of us who accepted we were visitors and got on with it.
My Japanese at the end was not fluent, whatever I told people at the airport. It was good enough to have a long conversation and completely inadequate for an argument, a joke, or a doctor.
What I did acquire was something I did not know existed: an understanding of what my own students go through. I teach now. Every autumn I get a class of people operating in their second language at eight in the morning, and I know exactly what it costs them, because for one year I was the least articulate person in every room I entered.
I am not bilingual. English is my mother tongue and always will be, and I am a native speaker of exactly one language, which I now understand is not an achievement but an accident of birth.
I still have a bad accent in Japanese and I no longer apologise for it.
My host mother writes at New Year. Fourteen years. We keep in touch in a mixture of two languages, neither of us confident in the other’s, and it works perfectly well.
People say a year abroad will broaden your horizons and I resented that phrase for a long time because of who says it. It is nevertheless true. It just does not happen the way the brochure suggests. It happens in a bank queue on a Thursday afternoon when you finally understand the third question.
This topic is a Cambridge favourite, and A2 answers collapse into difficult and different. These are the alternatives.
| I was sad because I missed my country. | I was homesick. |
| I changed to suit the new situation. | I adapted to it. |
| After a while it stopped feeling strange. | I got used to it. |
| I felt accepted by the group. | I fitted in. |
| Everybody noticed me because I was different. | I stood out. |
| We stayed in contact. | We kept in touch. |
| I can speak it easily and well. | I am fluent. |
| my first language | my mother tongue |
| somewhere to live | accommodation |
| the rules and forms that slow everything down | red tape |
Used to, be used to, get used to. Three structures, three meanings, and the difference is the little word be or get:
used to + infinitive = a past habit that has stopped.
I used to walk to school. (I do not now.)
be used to + -ing = it is familiar to me now; it no longer feels strange.
I am used to walking everywhere. (Normal for me.)
get used to + -ing = the process of becoming familiar.
I am getting used to walking everywhere. (Still happening.)
The trap is the -ing. In be/get used to, the word to is a preposition, exactly like in look forward to from lesson 265 – so a verb after it must take -ing:
✗ I am used to drive on the left.
✓ I am used to driving on the left.
Quick test: if you can put a noun there instead (I am used to the noise), it is the preposition version and needs -ing.
Abroad takes no preposition and no article:
✗ I went to abroad. ✗ I lived in abroad.
✓ I went abroad. ✓ I lived abroad for a year.
✓ I studied overseas is also fine.
Accommodation is uncountable in British English, and it is also one of the most misspelled words in the language – double c, double m:
✗ accomodation, acommodation, an accommodation, accommodations
✓ some accommodation, student accommodation, a place to stay
A word of care about foreigner. It is not a rude word, but it can sound cold in British English. Warmer and more usual: people from abroad, international students, someone from another country.
Fluent is not perfect. Fluent means you can speak easily and without long pauses. You can be fluent and still make mistakes – so do not refuse to describe yourself as fluent just because your grammar is imperfect, and do not claim it if you still translate every sentence in your head.
Getting there: abroad, visa, residence permit, red tape.
Living there: accommodation, halls of residence, host family, campus.
How it feels: homesick, fit in, stand out, adapt to, get used to.
Language: fluent, accent, native speaker, mother tongue, bilingual.
Afterwards: keep in touch, broaden your horizons.
The rule to memorise: I used to smoke (stopped) but I am used to smoking / getting used to it (familiar). The second and third take -ing.
Exam task: describe somewhere you have lived or stayed away from home. Use get used to + -ing correctly at least once, and abroad without a preposition.
Now practise with the questions below.
Check your understanding
Answer the questions below. You will see instantly if you are right.
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