Celebrations and Festivals
Learn 20 A2 English words for celebrations and festivals - tradition, custom, decorate, guest, host, wrap - with a story and a quiz.
Describing a festival from your own country is one of the most common speaking-exam tasks there is, and it is also one of the nicest conversations you can have with somebody from somewhere else. This lesson gives you the words for the occasion, the people, the food and the atmosphere – plus a silent letter that surprises everybody. Learn the 20, then read about the year I was the host instead of the guest.
20 words to learn
The 20 words
/əˈkeɪʒn/
A special event or time.
A wedding is the biggest occasion in this family.
/ˈfestɪvl/
A period of celebration, often religious or cultural.
The festival lasts three days.
/trəˈdɪʃn/
Something a family or country has done for a very long time.
It is a tradition that the youngest opens the door.
/ˈkʌstəm/
A normal way of doing things in a particular place.
Taking off your shoes is a custom, not a rule.
/rɪˈlɪdʒəs/
Connected with religion.
Some of our holidays are religious and some are national.
/ˌpʊblɪk ˈhɒlədeɪ/
A day when most people do not work. Americans say national holiday.
It falls on a Sunday this year, which everybody resents.
/ˈdekəreɪt/
To make a place look attractive for an occasion.
We decorate the whole staircase.
/ˌdekəˈreɪʃnz/
The things you put up: lights, flowers, paper. Usually plural.
The decorations stayed up until March.
/ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn/
The message asking somebody to come.
The invitation said seven and everybody came at nine.
/ɡest/
A person you have invited to your home or event.
We had forty guests and thirty-one chairs.
/həʊst/
The person who invites people and looks after them.
Being the host is much harder than it looks.
/ˈpreznt/
A thing you give somebody. Stress on the first part.
Do not open the present in front of everybody.
/ræp/
To cover a present in paper. The w is silent: RAP.
I cannot wrap anything neatly.
/ˈkændl/
A stick of wax with a flame.
One candle for every ten years, we decided.
/ˈfaɪəwɜːks/
The lights and noises in the sky at night. Usually plural.
The fireworks started an hour late.
/fiːst/
A very large meal for many people.
What she cooked was not dinner. It was a feast.
/kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/
To tell somebody you are happy about their success.
People came to congratulate my brother for two hours.
/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/
The words you say when you meet somebody or mark an occasion.
Every country has its own festival greeting.
/dres ˈʌp/
To put on smart or special clothes.
Children dress up; adults complain and then dress up.
/ˈætməsfɪə(r)/
The feeling of a place or event.
The atmosphere in that street at midnight is the whole point.
Now read the story
Story · all 20 words
The Year I Was the Host
For thirty-one years I was a guest. I arrived, I ate, I said the right things, and at some point in the evening I went home. Two years ago my mother announced that she was tired, and that the family occasion was moving to my flat.
I said yes in about a second, because you do, and then spent four weeks quietly frightened.
The invitation was the first thing I got wrong. I wrote seven o’clock, which in my family means nine, and my aunt arrived at ten past seven exactly, alone, to see what state the place was in. She has done this at every event in my life and I had simply never understood what she was doing until I was on the other side of it.
We had thirty-eight people and twenty-nine chairs. A tradition in this family that I had never noticed is that nobody sits down for the first hour anyway, so it did not matter at all. There is also a custom – unwritten, absolute – that the youngest person present opens the door to every new arrival, and my nephew took this so seriously that he ate standing beside it.
My sister came the day before to decorate. She brought lights, paper and far too many decorations for one flat, and the last of them stayed on the balcony until March, which I would like on the record as her fault.
The food defeated me. I had planned dinner; my mother arrived with three bags and turned it into a feast. She did this kindly and without a word of criticism, which was worse. There was so much of it that the guests were still finding dishes at eleven.
What surprised me was how little I saw of any of it. The host spends the entire evening in a doorway with something in each hand. I did not sit down for four hours. My own greeting to people became one word and a nod by about the fortieth arrival.
The good part came late. It is a religious festival, and the day itself is a public holiday, so nobody had to leave. At about midnight my cousin lit the candles on a cake for my grandmother, we all sang badly, and somebody two buildings away set off fireworks that had nothing to do with us and everything to do with the night.
People came to congratulate my brother, who had qualified as a doctor eleven days earlier, and he stood in the kitchen going slowly red. His present from my grandmother was a watch that had been her husband’s. She had wrapped it herself, in newspaper, badly, and he has not taken it off since.
I have never worked so hard at a party or enjoyed one less at the time. But at one in the morning, with everybody gone and my sister asleep on the sofa in the clothes she had dressed up in, I stood in a wrecked kitchen and understood something about the atmosphere in my mother’s house for thirty-one years: it was never accidental. Somebody was standing in a doorway making it.
The silent letter. Wrap is said RAP – the w is completely silent, so it sounds exactly like the music. The same silent w appears in write, wrong, wrist and wreck. Whenever you see wr- at the start of an English word, say only the r.
Present changes its stress – the same pattern as record in the sport lesson:
a birthday PRES-ent (noun: a gift)
to pre-SENT a report (verb: to show or give formally)
Tradition or custom? They overlap, and either is usually fine, but there is a difference in feeling. A tradition is something repeated over time, often in a family: it is a tradition in our family. A custom is the normal way people in a place behave: it is the custom here to take off your shoes. Traditions are kept; customs are followed.
Congratulate takes on: I congratulated him on passing his exams. And the exclamation is always plural with an s: Congratulations! – never Congratulation.
Usually plural: decorations, fireworks, congratulations. You can have a decoration, but for an event you put up decorations.
Two useful sentence patterns for the exam:
It is a tradition to + verb → It is a tradition to visit your grandparents first.
It is the custom for somebody to + verb → It is the custom for the youngest to open the door.
The event: occasion, festival, public holiday, religious, tradition, custom.
The people: host, guest, invitation, congratulate, greeting.
The preparation: decorate, decorations, wrap, present, dress up.
The night itself: feast, candle, fireworks, atmosphere.
Describe a festival from your own country in six sentences: what it celebrates, when it happens, one tradition, what people eat, what people say to each other, and what the atmosphere is like.
Now practise with the questions below.
Check your understanding
Answer the questions below. You will see instantly if you are right.
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